Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition with highly variable outcomes ...

Abstract: Real-world optimization problems are becoming increasingly complex and require effective and versatile algorithms to provide reliable solutions. However, the no-free-lunch theorem indicates ...

Abstract: When driving in unstructured outdoor environments, vehicles may encounter various potential dangers such as wheels sinking, skidding, or even loss of maneuverability, significantly reducing ...

Background: The performance of a classification algorithm eventually reaches a point of diminishing returns, where the additional sample added does not improve the results. Thus, there is a need to ...